The Pian di Spagna Nature Reserve and Lake Mezzola: A Protected Natural Area in Lombardy

The Pian di Spagna Oasis

The Pian di Spagna Nature Reserve and Lake Mezzola is a protected natural area in Lombardy that includes Lake Mezzola and the land between it and Lake Como, known as the Pian di Spagna. This area is a wetland that is heavily frequented by migratory wildlife and spans portions of the territories of the municipalities of Sorico and Gera Lario in the province of Como, and Verceia, Novate Mezzola, and Dubino in the province of Sondrio.

The Pian di Spagna is an alluvial plain formed by debris brought by the Adda River. Thousands of years ago, Lake Como and Lake Mezzola were once connected.

This area is of international interest, offering a rare opportunity to observe alpine aquatic environments that are becoming increasingly uncommon. The reserve consists mainly of vast reed beds. The surface of the lake, ponds, and channels is partly hidden by the growth of water lilies with their expansive floating leaves. Most of the Pian di Spagna is used for farming, particularly for maize, alfalfa, ryegrass, and hay meadows, interspersed with rows of fruit trees and scattered trees such as elms, poplars, alders, willows, and oaks.

Fauna and Wildlife

The fauna of the reserve includes a variety of birds such as mallards, coots, common shelducks, and cormorants. The area is also home to amphibians like the crestless newt, green frog, and common toad, as well as reptiles including the European pond turtle, grass snake, and lizard.

Historical and Artistic Heritage

The Pian di Spagna area is not only rich in natural beauty but also in historical and artistic significance. Key landmarks include the Fort of Fuentes and the Chiesetta di San Fedelino. Along the ancient Regina road lies the Tempietto di San Fedele, a proto-Romanesque chapel dating back to the 10th century, with contemporary frescoes. This chapel is believed to be located at the site of the martyrdom of St. Fedele and can be accessed on foot from Samolaco or by boat from Lake Mezzola.

The Fort of Fuentes

Between 1603 and 1606, Count Fuentes, the Spanish governor of Milan, ordered the construction of a fortress to defend the northern border of the Duchy from the French and the Grisons, who at the time occupied Valtellina and Valchiavenna. The building was demolished at the end of the 18th century by the Napoleonic forces, and now only the walls remain visible.

The Pian di Spagna Nature Reserve and the surrounding area offer a rich combination of natural beauty, wildlife, and historical significance, making it a must-visit destination for nature lovers and history enthusiasts alike.